What is quantum computing


“Quantum computing is a rapidly-emerging technology that harnesses the laws of quantum mechanics to solve problems too complex for classical computers.”

                                                                                                                        -IBM-


 Quantum computing is a multidisciplinary field comprising aspects of computer science, physics, and mathematics that utilizes quantum mechanics to solve complex problems faster than on classical computers.

In day to day life ,quantum computers can be used to simulate complex chemical reactions, which can be used to develop new drugs and materials. They can also be used to optimize complex systems, such as traffic flow or financial trading, and to solve problems in cryptography, such as cracking encryption codes.


Why do we need quantum computers?🤔

When scientists and engineers encounter difficult problems, they turn to supercomputers. These are very large classical computers, often with thousands of classical CPU and GPU cores capable of running very large calculations and advanced artificial intelligence. If a supercomputer gets stumped, that's probably because the big classical machine was asked to solve a problem with a high degree of complexity. When classical computers fail, it's often due to complexity.

Complex problems are problems with lots of variables interacting in complicated ways. Modeling the behavior of individual atoms in a molecule is a complex problem, because of all the different electrons interacting with one another. Identifying subtle patterns of fraud in financial transactions or new physics in a supercollider are also complex problems. There are some complex problems that we do not know how to solve with classical computers at any scale.

 

What is quantum supremacy?




Quantum supremacy is the experimental demonstration of a quantum computer's dominance and advantage over classical computers by performing calculations previously impossible at unmatched speeds.💪


Has quantum supremacy been reached❔


Yes , On September 20, 2019, the Financial Times reported that "Google claims to have reached quantum supremacy with an array of 54 qubits out of which 53 were functional, which were used to perform a series of operations in 200 seconds that would take a supercomputer about 10,000 years to complete" ,a symbolic milestone marking the point at which a quantum computer does something beyond the reach of any practical classical algorithm. Google over the last few years has thrown shade at today's fastest supercomputers with dubious claims of achieving “quantum supremacy.”

 But they cannot yet make the large-scale calculations that are expected to be possible in the future.


 What is the goal of quantum supremacy?🎯


In quantum computing, quantum supremacy or quantum advantage is the goal of demonstrating that a programmable quantum computer can solve a problem that no classical computer can solve in any feasible amount of time, irrespective of the usefulness of the problem.



How to achieve quantum supremacy

if you want to achieve Quantum Supremacy (or its more ambitious cousin, Quantum Advantage), you’ll want to design a computational problem (or a useful computational problem) that requires only a small number of qubits, and that all the necessary computations can occur in a short time relative to the coherence time of the qubits involved.


what are the fields use quantum supremacy 

Cryptography and security. One of the most widely discussed applications of quantum supremacy is cryptography and security. Quantum computers can potentially break some of the existing encryption schemes that rely on hard mathematical problems, such as factoring large numbers or finding discrete logarithms.


The future of quantum supremacy🔥💪




The ultimate goal for quantum computing is to create a fully functional, universal fault-tolerant gate computer. Before this machine can be built, computer scientists need to develop: Refined error correction that doesn't require huge amounts of hardware.

The tech has potential uses in supply chains, financial modeling and other areas. Organizations that use the power of quantum computing could help humanity solve some of the world's biggest problems and make breakthroughs in critical areas, from drug research to global agricultural and beyond.